The United States and Norway entered into an official arrangement to mutually supply defense goods and services needed for national security in an April 12 signing ceremony at the Norwegian-American Defense Conference (NADIC).
The Norwegian Ministry of Defense’ national armaments director Morten Tiller and Eric Chewning, the U.S. Defense Department’s deputy assistant undersecretary of defense for Manufacturing and Industrial Base Policy, both signed the Security of Supply Arrangement (SOSA) to cement the arrangement.
A SOSA allows, “the DoD to request priority delivery for DoD contracts, subcontracts, or orders from companies in these countries. Similarly, the arrangements allow the signatory nations to request priority delivery for their contracts and orders with U.S. firms,” according to a Pentagon definition.
The U.S. has entered into similar arrangements with eight other countries: Australia, Canada, Finland, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. And the U.S. has established subsequent codes of conduct with industry in Finland, Italy, Sweden and the U.K.
“For decades the Norwegian industry has delivered critical defense equipment to the U.S. armed forces. This indicates that the U.S. authorities have considered Norwegian companies to be trustworthy suppliers for many years already,” Tiller said just prior to signing the document. “Norwegian companies have also cooperated with U.S. companies for many, many years and I would say with great success.”
A prime example of such partnership, Tiller noted, is the 50-year cooperation between Norway’s Kongsberg and Raytheon.
Tiller said that once the agreement is signed, the next step will be to enter a code of conduct arrangement with Norway’s defense and security industrial association where participating Norwegian companies “will commit to, as it is stated, make every reasonable effort, to provide priority support to U.S. authorities and prime contractors that need to invoke security of supply arrangement in future contracts.”
He added that he expected many Norwegian companies will sign up to the code of conduct and particularly the companies present at the signing, such as Kongsberg and Nammo, would do so “before the summer break.”
The agreement comes at a time where the U.S. is turning more toward strengthening alliances — a top priority laid out in the new National Defense Strategy.
“One of the partnerships we have enjoyed for many decades is out of Norway,” Chewning acknowledged. “The United States and Norway enjoy a long tradition of friendly relations of working closely together on a wide range of issues that are important to both our nations as well as the rest of the world.”
Chewning pointed to Norway’s strong role in the NATO alliance, participation in Operation Inherent Resolve, the country’s “innovative” industrial contributions to protecting U.S. forces in harm’s way, and the fact it is host to the Marine Corps’ prepositioning program that aids in the defense of Europe’s northern flank.
“This SOSA is another link in that strong chain that already binds us,” he said.
Nammo Inc. USA President Ola Skrivervik touted his company’s already strong presence in the U.S. — out of Nammo’s revenue of $570 million, 41 percent of that was U.S. based — during a panel at NADIC directly following the signing.
Nammo also has roughly 400 employees based in the U.S. and is growing, he added.
Last year, the company established a public-private partnership with the U.S. Navy’s Explosive Ordnance Disposal at Indian Head in Maryland, to produce tactical solid rocket motors and develop new technology to boost the U.S. industry.
Nammo is most well-known for turning around the Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile (AMRAAM) program when the Air Force discovered reliability issues during tests with ATK-manufactured rocket motors in 2010.
The company invested over $12 million of its own money in an alternative rocket motor for AMRAAM and got the Norwegian Air Force to fly the motors to Raytheon’s production facility in Tuscon, Arizona, at no charge to the US government in 2011. Nammo turned around a two-year production lag and put the missile program ahead of schedule.
Nammo has made 50,000 rocket motors between NATO countries for programs like AIM-9 Sidewinder, RIM-162 Evolved Sea Sparrow Missile (ESSM) and AMRAAM, Skrivervik said.
But doing business with the U.S. isn’t always easy. Nammo found itself at the center of an attempt to push congressional legislation through — two years in a row — that would have essentially shut out the company from providing rocket motors to programs like AMRAAM.
That legislation was narrowly defeated on the House floor in May 2016.
Skrivervik offered that the arrangement will “make a more formal commitment” to the work Norway and the U.S. do together.
Skrivervik advocated that an important aspect to improving relationships between allies is the ability to plan and commit to efforts long-term using open and transparent dialogue, which provides situations for industry to invest confidently.
And nations should be encouraged to find more programs where cost-sharing is possible, he added.
Skrivervik also said that generally conversations between industry and other governments is “very difficult” and new ways to interface with close allies are important.
Also speaking on the panel, Steven Grundman, the director of Emerging Defense Challenges at the Atlantic Council, suggested the focus, when it comes to cooperation between allies, shouldn’t be about buying finished products but more about co-developing new technologies.
Grundman also argued working in a small group, ideally a bilateral cooperation between countries, is the most efficient size in which to effectively collaborate.